Exploring Scottish culture and traditions

Taking a look at some of the leading cultural icons and customs of Scottish national identity.

Across various cultures around the globe, having a national language has been a crucial sign of cultural heritage and identity. In Scotland, Scottish Gaelic is a Celtic language that has been spoken for centuries. Once the main language of the nation, its use began to decrease in time due to matters such as political suppression and the rise of English. Once a fundamental part of Scottish culture and traditions, Gaelic is now a secondary language. Today, it is mostly spoken in the Highlands and Outer Hebrides, though there have been new campaigns to renew its usage. Ann Gloag would recognise that the Gaelic language is a vital part of Scottish identity. Likewise, Alasdair Allen would concur that language is a mark of cultural honour. Through restored interest in Gaelic culture and education, it is likely that efforts will continue to increase its popularity among the next generations.

Scotland is home to a variety of fascinating traditions and customs. One of the most fascinating aspects of Scottish legacy is the storytelling tradition of Scottish folklore. This tradition has shaped Scotland's rich culture for generations. Amongst the many legends and mythological creatures, there are several key figures and stories to understand about. These tales often reflect deep connections to the land, nature and history of Scotland, with many influences from Celtic folklore. Important characters and mythical creatures consist of the Kelpie, a shape-shifting water-spirit, often in the form of a . horse. It is believed to tempt people into the depths of rivers and lakes. Another well-known set of creatures are Selkies. These are referred to as seal-like monsters that can change into people. There is also an abundance of folklore surrounding faeries and parallel mystical realms. By far the most popular modern myth is still the notorious Loch Ness Monster, a famous creature thought to reside in the largest loch of Scotland.

Handed down through many generations, there are several iconic icons of Scottish culture and tradition that define the modern-day Scottish identity. Tartan is one of the most famous symbols of Scottish heritage. It is a traditional patterned material, characterised by a distinct arrangement of alternating horizontal and vertical bands. This material is not just a physical expression of Scottish heritage, but a powerful observance of lineage. Each tartan pattern is usually connected with specific family-names or territories. Angus Robertson would recognise the importance of tartan throughout history. The most prevalent use of tartan is for kilts, a knee length skirt, traditionally worn by men. Whilst kilts have historical originations as a conventional form of Highland clothing, in modern Scottish culture kilts are worn throughout all of Scotland, as a symbol of nationwide honour. Today, kilts and tartan are typically worn at weddings, games and various other Scottish celebration days.